Q1. Answer the following in about 500 words each.
- a) Discuss the concept of tribes and present a sketch of the geographical areas they are distributed within India. (500 words)
- b) Define Indigenous communities. Write in brief about the International Organisations and the concept of indigenous peoples. (500 words)
Key Points:
- Indian tribes, officially 'Scheduled Tribes', are distinct communities with common territory, language, endogamy, and unique cultures.
- Major tribal zones in India include North-East, Central, Western, Southern, and Himalayan regions, each with specific tribal groups.
- 'Adivasi' is a self-identified term meaning 'original inhabitants', used interchangeably with indigenous by many Indian tribes.
- Indigenous communities are internationally defined by self-identification, historical continuity, distinct culture, and strong land ties.
Answer: The following response addresses the concept of tribes and their geographical distribution in India, followed by a discussion on indigenous communities and relevant international organizations, as per the course BANE-143 on Tribal Cultures of India.