Q3. Differentiate between the following pairs of terms:
- (i)) Humoral immunity and Cell-mediated immunity (100 words)
- (ii)) Antigen and Hapten (100 words)
- (iii)) Inactivated vaccine and attenuated vaccine (100 words)
- (iv)) B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte (100 words)
Key Points:
- Humoral immunity is antibody-mediated against extracellular pathogens; Cell-mediated immunity is T-cell mediated against intracellular pathogens.
- Antigens are immunogenic molecules that elicit an immune response; Haptens are small molecules that require a carrier to become immunogenic.
- Inactivated vaccines use killed pathogens, induce humoral immunity and require boosters.
- Attenuated vaccines use live, weakened pathogens, induce strong, long-lasting humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
Answer: This response differentiates between key immunological terms as outlined in the BZYET-141 Immunology course. It provides clear distinctions based on their functions, structures, and roles within the immune system, respecting specific word limits for each sub-question.