Q1. What is Philosophy? Discuss in detail the fundamental questions and dogmas it deals with. Or Explain the meaning of darśana. Discuss the 'quest of life' as described by Indian Philosophical systems.
- Darśana means 'to see' or 'vision', implying a direct, intuitive apprehension of truth, not mere intellectual speculation.
- Indian Darśanas integrate theoretical inquiry with practical wisdom, aiming for personal transformation and spiritual insight.
- The 'quest of life' addresses the fundamental problem of suffering (dukkha) and the cycle of rebirth (samsara).
- The ultimate goal of this quest is Moksha or Nirvana: liberation from samsara and attainment of ultimate freedom and peace.
Answer: The term `darśana` in Indian philosophical traditions originates from the Sanskrit root `drś`, meaning 'to see' or 'vision'. It denotes a comprehensive system of thought that is not merely an intellectual exercise or speculative reasoning, but a direct, intuitive, and holistic apprehension of truth or reality. Unlike Western philosophy's primary emphasis on rational inquiry, `darśana` integrates theoretical understanding with practical wisdom. Its ultimate aim is practical transformation: guidi...