Welcome to your comprehensive guide for IGNOU's BESC-132, 'शिक्षा की संरचना एवं प्रबन्धन' (Structure and Management of Education)! This crucial course, part of your Bachelor of Arts (General) (CBCS) programme, delves into the fundamental principles and operational aspects of educational systems. Understanding the structure and effective management of educational institutions is vital for anyone aspiring to contribute to or lead in the education sector. This course will equip you with a deep understanding of how educational policies are formulated, implemented, and managed at various levels – from policy-making bodies to individual institutions. You'll explore the organizational frameworks, administrative processes, and human resource management essential for running schools and educational organizations efficiently. Key topics include educational planning, financing, the role of various educational agencies, and the challenges faced in educational administration in the Indian context. The relevance of BESC-132 extends to a wide range of career paths. Whether you aim to become an educator, administrator, counselor, or work in educational policy development, the knowledge gained here will be invaluable. It provides a strong foundation for understanding the complexities and opportunities within the education domain. For your upcoming examinations, such as January 2026 and July 2026, having access to past IGNOU question papers is incredibly beneficial. We offer a collection of 16 question papers with corresponding answers to help you practice and familiarize yourself with the exam pattern. The exam typically assesses your understanding of theoretical concepts, application of principles, and analytical skills related to educational structure and management. To succeed in BESC-132, it's recommended to not only study your IGNOU study materials thoroughly but also to engage with these question papers. Practice answering questions under timed conditions to build confidence and identify areas that require more attention. Consistent revision and a clear grasp of the core concepts will pave your way to success.