Q1. State whether the following statements are True or False. Give reason in support of your answer:
- (a)) Equality of slopes is the basic requirement for the parallel-line assay. (80 words)
- (b)) The quantal assay is applicable when the response is the percentage of subjects who responded to a treatment at different doses. (80 words)
- (c)) A complete life table is more elaborate than an abridged life table. (80 words)
- (d)) Primary prevention includes strategies designed to reduce the incidence of disease. (80 words)
- (e)) In Phase II of a clinical trial, we determine a safe dosage range and identify potential side effects. (80 words)
- Parallel-line assay requires equal slopes of dose-response curves for valid potency estimation.
- Quantal assay measures all-or-none responses, typically as a percentage of responders at doses.
- Complete life table is more detailed, providing data for single years of age.
- Primary prevention aims to reduce disease incidence by preventing disease onset.
Answer: (a) **True**. The parallel-line assay is a type of bioassay used to estimate the relative potency of a test preparation compared to a standard. A fundamental requirement for its validity is that the dose-response curves for both the standard and test preparations, when plotted on a logarithmic scale of dose, must be parallel. This parallelism implies that their slopes are statistically equal, indicating that the two preparations act through the same mechanism and only differ in potency. (b) **T...