Q1. Discuss the trends of urbanization in developing countries with special reference to India.
Key Points:
- Developing countries exhibit rapid, often unplanned, urbanization driven by rural-urban migration.
- Urbanization in India is accelerating, with urban population share increasing and growth concentrated in megacities.
- Key drivers for Indian urbanization include economic opportunities, industrial growth, and rural distress migration.
- Major challenges of urbanization in India are extensive slum formation and severe infrastructure deficits.
Answer: Urbanization, the demographic shift from rural to urban areas, is a defining characteristic of the 21st century, particularly in developing countries. These regions are experiencing an unprecedented pace of urban growth, often driven by a combination of rural push factors and urban pull factors. This rapid expansion frequently outstrips the capacity of urban infrastructure and governance. Globally, urbanization in developing countries is marked by a fast, often unplanned, transition. It leads ...