Q1. Elaborate upon the post-Gandhian scenario in independent India.
- Sarvodaya Movement: Vinoba Bhave's direct continuation of Gandhian ideals for universal welfare.
- Bhoodan-Gramdan: Non-violent land reform advocating voluntary land redistribution to the landless.
- Jayaprakash Narayan's Total Revolution: Holistic non-violent struggle against corruption and systemic issues.
- Chipko Movement: Environmental non-violent action by women protecting forests by 'hugging trees'.
Answer: After India gained independence in 1947 and Mahatma Gandhi's assassination in 1948, the nation faced the monumental task of nation-building, often encountering socio-economic disparities and political challenges. The post-Gandhian scenario presented a critical juncture for the philosophy of non-violence, moving beyond the struggle for political independence to address internal structural injustices. This period was characterized by both a continuity of Gandhian ideals and a dynamic evolution in ...